How do you handle exceptions in Python?

In Python, exceptions are handled using the try and except block, which is the correct approach to managing errors that may occur during the execution of a program. This mechanism allows the programmer to test a block of code for errors (the try block) and to define how to respond to those errors (the except block).

When a piece of code within the try block raises an exception, the flow of control is transferred to the except block, where you can specify the type of exception you want to catch and handle it gracefully. This can prevent the program from crashing and allows for a more controlled and user-friendly response to error conditions.

For example, if you were trying to open a file that does not exist, the code in the try block would raise an IOError. Instead of the program terminating at that point, the control would pass to the except block where you could print an error message or take corrective action, such as attempting to create the file.

Using the try and except block not only helps in maintaining the stability of the application but also improves the robustness of the code by allowing specific handling of different types of exceptions, improving debugging and user experience.